Analysis of 12 sub-genre of factual programming codes and conventions

Factual programming codes and conventions

                                                             Documentary Drama

A documentary drama is a film or television dramatization of events that are based on fact and real life stories( this is not an re-enactment)

. Drama documentary mainly focus on the facts of the event and mostly avoids commentary, as it's based on the creators own point of view and their strong beliefs

. They are not always fully accurate, as some of the characters might be exaggerated to build up tension and anticipation.

. They use narrative and film techniques to reveal the true facts and stories, that history or society never told

Other examples of a Docudrama would be:

The Titanic

Through the film Titanic, it has a narrative story line through out it, about a woman and a man and how they fall in love, but also through this narrative, they are able to show the differences between classes and how some people were treated when it came to the sinking of the boat e.g. women and children were put on the life boats, after the upper class had been. Also when it came to the ship hitting the iceberg and the events after it, it is able to make the audience realise the pain and horror that actually happened on the ship and also included the details of why it the ship filled up with water so quickly, such as showing the captain to refuse to break the glass for the binoculars in the first place and how the walls along the corridors were not done built all the way to the top, making it fill quicker.

Schindler's List

Schindler's list is based on the true story of a man called Oskar Schindler and how he saved more than a thousand Polish-Jewish workers, by employing them in his factories. The whole film is presented in black and white, which I think is done so that it represents to the audience that this happened a long time ago but also how it was dark times for a vast majority of people, which will be able to make it more realistic for the audience. The film does focus on Oskar himself, but through most of the film, it shows the lifestyles of people being forced to work in concentration camps and how some people were killed merciless. The impact on the audience, by showing them innocent people getting shot, is to make them realise on how serious and hell like those times were and make them feel something towards the situation and realise how lucky in a sense they are and didn't have to go through that.

Pompeii: The last Day

              

This docudrama here is about the events that might have took place on the day of the eruption and       destruction of the city Pompeii. At the start of the documentary at 00:01 the audience are able to be drawn into it straight away, as there is a clip of the volcano beginning to erupt and following that, the reactions of the people in the city. By starting the programme at the exact moment of the volcano erupting , it is able to make the audience want to learn what exactly took place that day and stay watching through it all, while if the documentary started from the beginning of the story and showing how people were living there lives, the audience might not be as intrigued, so by starting it by showing the action such as at  00:34 and reactions of the people at 00:29, it is able to keep the audience interested and intrigued through it all. Also before the graphics begin to show, at 00:41 one of the women say " but where trapped aren't we", which leaves it on a cliffhanger for the audience, as they want to know if anyone really escaped the disaster and by cutting away to a black screen at 00:42 it allow tension to build within the audience. The voice over is able to give facts to the audience and is able to grasp the audiences attention through this by saying things such as " at least 5000 of it's people were wiped from the face of the Earth" while showing people living their normal everyday lives, not knowing the horror that lies ahead of them. The reason why this was mostly done, was to make the audience realise that this natural disaster was unexpected and begins to make them feel sad and stomach sick, as they come to the realisation that so many people lost their lives and in a sense, it could be comparing it to today's modern world and shows how advanced technology has become, as now we are able to begin to notice if something is going to happen. At 01:17, after the narrator has explained the death counts of the city and shown what it was mostly like that day, the music changes to a more striking, harsh tone and then at the same time, it begins to show skeletons of the people that died and then going back to the city before the disaster. This is able to make the audience believe that this disaster really happened 2000 years ago, as the archive footage at 01:17 and 01:41-02:00 shows what Pompeii looks like now and how it is all just ruins, and even shows the cast remains of some of the people during their last moments. The archive footage, is able to make the audience feel sympathy towards the situation and is able to create atmosphere through this, by revealing the truth and pain of the people on their unknown last day. But also at the same time, it is able to educate the audience, by the narrator revealing facts about the city and the people such as at 02:03 and 02:10, but the main thing that the narrator mentions during this point is at 02:17, as he reveals that there was an eye witness report of what he saw happen that day and how he documented it all. By revealing that there was an eye witness report, it makes the audience want to learn more about what he actually saw that happen that day, as the clips being shown isn't actual footage, so the eye witness report is able to back up what the narrator is saying. The camera movement through the documentary is quite slow paced such as at 03:08 and gives of the sense of a story being told, as it covers what peoples lives were like on their last day and how to them, nothing was going to change. By including multiple narrative story lines, it is able to make the audience want to learn more about the lifestyles of the roman people from the morning of the eruption to the very end of it. At 29:47- 30:06, the camera movement begins to pick up speed, which is used to create suspense and panic within the audience, as they are shown people running for their lives and screaming and the audience wanting to know if any of them, make it out alive. Also, the voice over is done by a man who holds a lot of knowledge about the eruption in Pompeii, which is able to help the audience learn more about it in detail this way, as it's coming from and experts knowledge.

                                                            Documentary soap

A documentary soap is a television series, that film the lives of people and can be presented as drama or entertainment to the audience.

.Soap documentary's usually create characters or stereotypes, in which the audience is able to relate to

.They all are able to keep the audience gripped throughout the series, by ending each episode on a cliff hanger.

Airport

             

This show mainly focuses on Heathrow airport, where the audience are able to see behind the scenes of what happens at airports when the weather is bad. Through the documentary, there are a few different presenters that cover different parts of the show such as at 02:08 the woman talks about the cargo that goes on the plane and then at 02:21 it goes straight back to the woman who introduced the show and then moves on to the next subject of the show. Also for the audience, the show includes interview with professionals such as at 17:27, where we get to here their opinion and facts about the situation of weather at airports.

The Specials

            

This documentary explores the lifestyle of people with learning disabiltys through series of episodes. The documentary starts with introducing the main characters such as at 0:09 and their families and this allows the audience to be drawn into the programme for, as they would want to find more things about their lifestyle or so. The camera style for this programme is mainly handheld as at 1:06 the camera starts on one person and then moves to the other one without using any cuts in between, which makes it more realistic for the audience and comes across an personal point of view, as it's like your actually there with the characters.

My Strange Addiction

             

Strange addictions is a documentary series, that focus on people with unusual and bizarre behavior. This show is able to reveal the different types of people within society and how strange and un-ordinary some people can be, as in this episode, it focuses around a woman who likes to carry around her husbands urn and also eat her husbands ashes. The documentary begins by introducing what her addiction is, by explaining it through a voice over and having an interview with the woman herself at 00:13 which allows the audience to see what type of person she is and start to become interested in her lifestyle and if what she says is really true such as at 00:14, the audience is able to see that she really does carry round her husbands ashes, which might start to create a sense of an awkward atmosphere within the audience, as it's something rarely seen or expected of. The editing style of this show is quite fast paced at the beginning along with dramatic music such as at 00:15-00:20, as this way it is able to draw the audience in more and want to learn more about her addiction and how she deals with it. Also the camera movement, seems to be handheld such as at 0:21 to give of the feeling to the audience, that this is all real and is not scripted at all and also the handheld camera style makes them believe in the story being told, as if the camera movement and lighting was more professional, it would be presented as the woman not being truthful and it's all just an act, so with the natural lighting and handheld camera, it is able to make the audience trust the story and also the whole series as well. When it begins to explain her other addiction of eating her husbands ashes, there are a lot more close ups such as at 00:36 and at 00:25 as it emphasizes the fact that this is all really, as we see her dip her fingers into the ashes and then eat them. Also during the documentary, it includes interviews with her mother as at 00:28 and want her attitude towards her daughter is, which even makes it more realistic to the audience,a she is sharing her own personal opinion due to her facial expression looking quite concerned and worried. But, all through the close-ups and story line, it is able to create a sense of sympathy within the audience and begin to feel sorry for her, as even though what she is doing is probably not considered entirely normal, if it makes her happy in a sense, then there is nothing wrong with it, which is why I think docu soaps is a very interesting type of documentary, as it is able to reveal to society, that there are different types of people out there and that we should learn to accept it more. Also, it makes the audience want to continue watching the series at the same time, as in each episode there is new situation and which are totally different from the previous episode.

                                                                    Infotainment

Infotainment means a program which includes both information and entertainment for the audience, so that is is able to increase popularity with the audience or it's consumers.

.Infotainment usually crosses the line between journalism and entertainment.

.The presenters, usually have big personality's and are not afraid to get their questions asked.

E! News

E! News is a television show that shows the latest news and gossip reports on celebrities and also includes information and entertainment on upcoming movies, television shows and the E! news industry. The show includes segments of studio time, where the presenters discuss subjects such as fashion within the celebrity world, which would mainly appeal to the  female audience of the show, as they would want to keep up with the latest fashionable clothing, so that it can also create social interaction and gives them something to talk about and in some cases might make them feel more socially acceptable. Also, the variety of the show includes pre-recorded footage such as VT packs, about gossip and diving deep into celebrities lifestyles, which would bring entertainment for the audience, as they would want to know everything that is going on with their favorite celebrity and also gives them more knowledge and the show also includes interviews with some celebrity, which makes it more the show more believable and not scripted, as the audience is witnessing them talk about themselves directly to the presenter and the audience. The shows camera language is mainly filmed to a professional standard and most likely one camera is used when filming outside the studio, which might be because the people they are interviewing need to be shown in the best light in a way, but the downside to this would be that they are less likely to capture footage of something unexpected happen.

MythBusters

                             

MythBusters is a show that features two expert hosts, uncovering the truth about movie scenes, weapon usage/weapon accidents, popular news stories etc. The reason why the audience would find this show entertaining, is that the presenters do the tasks themselves such as at 2:45 they are trying to figure out how a thumb can be removed by this gun and after they do it themselves, it moves on to them putting meat parts together to create a hand and then trying out the gun that way, as this allows the presenters not to harm themselves, which would come across entertaining more the audience as it's something you wouldn't expect too see. Also this show teaches the audience on how to hold a gun correctly such as at 3:04, being that the audience for this show is most likely male more than females and it's known that males have an interest in machines and weaponry, so this show will be able to increase their knowledge about guns etc.

An Idiot abroad 

          

Idiot abroad is about a man who doesn't really have any interest in other cultures, exploring different country's and trying to come to terms with their ways. At the start of show, it is presented as being something factual and educational, as we get shots of pyramids such as at 00:11, along with dramatic music and a sophisticated voice over, which is presenting the show to be about teaching the audience about other cultures, but then at 0:23 we are introduced to a man that seems to be going to slightly make fun of other cultures, as he doesn't understand them very well. Through the show, the presenter doesn't really reveal any facts, but puts himself in situations to try and understand other cultures customs such as at 01:33 it shows that he is mainly used for entertainment purposes for the audience and also the producer of the show, Ricky Gervais. The producer of this show, is able to make it more entertaining for the audience as he is able to make light humour out of his friends experiences in other countries such as at 02:29 he says " there's a very high murder rate" and his reaction at 02:30 shows that he doesn't take the comment seriously, which then indicates to the audience, that his next experience is going to be more amusing and entertaining, all because this man lacks ignorance, which is the audiences and producers entertainment. Even though the presenter of the show seems to have quite a big personality, when he describing what to pack at 3:02 he talks about how he doesn't need to pack anything new besides "maybe a new flavored crisps" which to the audience, it shows that he isn't taking his journeys seriously and also invites us to laugh at him, as he doesn't acknowledge the fact of how silly he sounds. These types of shows, use people with big personality's because they are not scared of asking questions and doing things, so this way it is able to increase the audiences entertainment more, while if the show had a timid and shy presenter, it wouldn't meet the name of the title and would be more boring, as the presenter wouldn't be bold enough to take risks and ask bold questions. The camera style for this show is mainly hand held such as at 04:08, which I think is used rather than using a tri-pod, is so that the audience are able to get the feel of his experience more and how he can be in situations. Also a sense of realism is shown through this show as at 06:59 we are able to here the sounds of the festival, which represents to the audience that non of this is scripted and that the presenter is actually in Mexico experiencing the culture and also does have a sense of a narrative, as we are following him from the start of his journey to the end of it, while being given entertainment along the way. Also the sound throughout the show, adds the realism to it, as the audience are able to visually experience another culture and also hear what it is like as well.

                                                                    Reality TV

Reality TV presents humorous and unscripted situation, documents actual life events and mainly focus on ordinary people, instead of actors.

.For the most recent years, reality TV has focused on celebrities, which are able to give the audience an insight to what their lives are like and how they deal with things such as paparazzi.

.Reality TV is wide ranging and can even focus on game shows, where at the end of it all, there is a prize.

.Also, reality TV constructs characters and narratives through the show, so that the audience is able to connect to them more.

Keeping Up With The Kardashians

             

Keeping up with the Kardashians is a reality TV show that focuses on on family and there daily lives. The editing style to this show, is quite smooth and quick, which could represent that this show is slightly scripted, as the know when to cut at the right time e.g. at 0:09, but this is also done to show the reactions of the all of the characters, as seeming as they are a famous family, the audience would want to know how each and everyone reacts to a certain situation, purely for their own entertainment. Also the music at 0:10 has this mocking tone to it and seems to be the opposite of their personality's, as the music is quite jolly and sarcastic, while they are presented as quite serious and high maintenance.

Big Brother

            

Big brother is a reality show, where number of people are put into a household and isolated from any outside communication. Big brother is non scripted, which makes it more entertaining for the audience, as nothing is planned and things can happen spontaneously within the group of people. Also to create more drama and suspense for the audience, the household has many different personality's and people, so this makes sure that at one point during the show, there will be a clash between  two or more people.

Here Come Honey Boo Boo

              

Here Comes Honey Boo Boo is a reality television show, which focuses around a family of a beauty pageant contestant. The majority of the show is filmed hand held such as at 0:12, which is able to make the show more realistic and believable and it also shows the audience that the show isn't scripted. Due to the use of hand held camera work, it also makes the family members too be shown how they really are and how they live their everyday lives. The one problem that would come out of filming a family and their children lifestyle, would be that it's to exploitative on the child's behalf and might cause issues to rise within the audience, but at the same time, this family is different from the majority of other American families, as they just do what makes them happy and not care what others think. Also through the show, they occasionally have interview with the family members such as at 0:56 as this way it allows them to talk about why they did certain things and they don't change their characteristics through this, which is still showing  to the audience that this show is 100% real and no directors or so have any say in what the family members do or so. Also through the series, each episode is different and each time shows the family in how they deal with certain situations and in general what there lifestyle is like, which makes the audience want to keep watching the whole series, as they want to see what the next episodes going to be about Also the family can be seen as a type of entertainment such as at 0:26, as the camera stays on the child for a long period of time after she begins to cough and also her strange comments such as " uncle poodle has to empty the poop tank". There is a clear narrative shown through each episode, but the main thing that makes this show entertaining to watch, is that the family members show how they really are and are not afraid to show it, so the audience is able to get an insight on different types of families and maybe have a chance to relate in some cases.

Educational Television

Educational TV programmes main purpose is to educate the audience, which can range from children shows where they are taught morals through the shows or to programmes which focus on a certain matter, which will allow the audience to learn the facts and truth about a certain thing.

Educating Essex - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eu2MCbeKHG0 (embeded code doesn't work)

Educating Essex is a show that reveals the lives of students and teachers within school hours. This show is able to educate the people at home such as parents/carers, on how school life happens and could even be a bit nostalgic for home viewers, as it might remind them how they were in school. The camera language for this show, seems to be multiple cameras set up around the school, so that the show is able to capture those spontaneous moments of the pupils and teachers.

Come Dine With Me

        

Come Dine With Me is a television programme that has five people who have never met each other, cook and rate the others food for the winning prize of £1,000 cash prize. This is an educational show, due to being able to in sense show the audience on how to host their own gathering at their household, but maybe with well known friends and also such as at 02:49 it is able to teach the audience on how to make certain types of meals and also give them the details if they do want to, by going on to the official website such as at 04:43. Also this show teaches the audience on how to be a good host, if they would want to do this sort of thing, so in a sense, this show is able to educate the audience on social interactions with other people.

One Born Every Minute

       

One Born Every Minute, would be considered an educational documentary is it is able to give people an insight to what it's like for people going through pregnancy and the actual birth of the baby as well, but also it allows the audience to witness what it's like for the staff at hospitals as well and how the audience might also be able to relate to certain situation through the show. At the start of the show, a montage is shown of different situations taking place through the hospital, showing the nurses, the pregnant women and the reaction some of the partners as well. This is able to draw the audience in straight away, as it shows a lot going on through the hospital and it makes them want to know, whats going to happen in this episode and how people are going to deal with it, but also it is able to connect to some people within the audience, as they might be considering a career as a nurse or a doctor, so this show is able to educate them in some of the roles and responsibility's that they must take on. At 00:38 the voice over explains how the production team has set up " forty cameras into a bustling maternity ward", this way it is able to capture a lot more footage for the audience and also by having multiple cameras, they are also able to capture the unexpected moments throughout the show, as this way it can also be seen as entertainment and also to witness a birth that is about to happen. Also at 01:04 it shows the audience things like an actual operating room for the birth and too some people in the audience, it is able to show them what it might be like for them if they ever have children, but also can create a sense of nostalgia for people that are already parents, as the birth of your child is a very important moment. The show also includes interviews with the nurses working at the hospital such as at 02:11, as by including this, it allows the audience to see their opinions on working as a nurse and what they think of births, which is able to show the audience an experts opinion on it and how serious it can be. Also each episode focuses on a woman experiencing pregnancy and holds interviews with her and her family such as at 02:50, where the audience is able to see them in their natural environment and an introduction to what their like as people, which in some cases might be able to form a connection with some members of the audience. Also due to the multiple cameras such as at 03:27, the audience is able to witness them in the hospital rooms and they get to see what there like and what their opinions are on near the the end of the pregnancy, which shows the realism in the show and how non of their conversations are scripted, as you are able to get the sense of them being a family and having the well known tone with each other, while if it was scripted, there wouldn't be much emotion shown and the love through the families going through child birth. Also there isn't much camera movement though the show and the lighting is quite natural, which also shows the realism of the programme, as they are recording everything how it happens and not making anything look fancy or professional. Also there are a few different narratives through the show, each showing a different type of pregnancy e.g. one of them being 12 days late and this is able to make the audience want to continue watching the show, as they want to see the birth of the baby at the end of it all, which then also creates a sense of anticipation within them and eagerness to know whats going to happen next.

     

Wildlife Documentary 

Wildlife documentary's are about animals or other non living humans creatures. These programmes are mostly filmed for public broadcasting channels and television.

.Wildlife documentary's mostly concentrate on a specific animal or species for an episode and film their natural habitat.

. It can also be considered educational, as it might film creatures that we have never heard about before or even seen.

In the Valley Of The Wolves

The majority of nature shows are quite similar, as some focus on a specific part of nature e.g. a rainforest or some that focus on a certain type of species such as wolves. The camera movement through out the documentary about wolves, is quite fast paced, especially when they are hunting down their food, as this way it is able to build up anticipation within the audience and makes them want to continue watching and see if the wolves catch their prey. Also like other wildlife documentary's, this one starts the episode of with a long shot of the scenery, drawing the audience in and offering a sense of escapism along with the voice over, which adds the feeling of calmness.

Frozen Planet

       

This clip opens with the narrator explaining that the whale is after the seal and shows quite slow paced camera movement, such as at 0:11 as this way it allows to build tension and also it shows how technology has advanced such as at 0:14 we are able to see the whale from underwater, and this is able to make the audience continue watching and also experience something at the same time, as it's rare to see a whale quite up close underwater. With the use of underwater filming, it allows the producers of the show to capture more actions of the creatures and makes their documentary's more fascinating to watch. Also by having slow paced camera movement such as at 0:44 it allows the audience to witness how exactly the whales capture their prey and educate them also into how animals survive and the techniques that they use to do this.

  David Attenborough- Madagascar

       

In this documentary, it explores the world of Madagascar and all of it's inhabitants and plants. Wildlife documentary's, allow the audience a sense of escapism, as it allows them to see into a unknown world that some may have never explored before and allows them to see the beauty of nature that lies within Madagascar. At the beginning of the documentary at 00:01, they use a slow paced montage, to engage the audience into what it's going to be about and shows them clips of the scenery and animals, so that it encourages them to stay engaged and watch the full documentary. There is a variety of camera language throughout this documentary such as 00:35, there is a high long shot of the scenery, which is able to set the scene for the audience and also is able to dive straight in to what it's going to be about. There is also a voice over done by David Attenborough throughout it who is well known for doing wildlife documentary's and his voice is able to set a soft tone through it, but also informative at the same time, as even his voice is able to present a sense of escapism as also he knows what he is talking about, while if you had someone younger doing the voice over, it wouldn't have the same effect, as they have not been through the same experiences as him and most likely wouldn't be as sophisticated in literature or so. Through this documentary, the majority of the camera shots are not hand held at all which I think the reason why this is, is to get clear shots of nature and to be able to draw the audience in by changing the speed to some of the shots such as at 00:01, so that they are able to embrace nature for what it really is and to be able to capture the unexpected, as it's likely that this was filmed over a course of a few months, so they set up multiple cameras in the Rainforest, to capture unexpected animal behaviour. But also, it does focus on certain animals such as at 2:50, we are introduced to a pack of lemurs and the slow paced switch between shots, allows the audience to get a glimpse of what they are lifestyle is like and also through these shots, the music is quite slow and soft, which can make the audience feel relaxed but at 4:27, the music slowly starts to build up, to create tension and anticipation within the audience, as they don't know whats going to happen to the lemurs, due to them being hunted down. The music through this part, allows the audience to embrace a side of nature that some may have not seen or explored, but also shows them the dangers that the animals face and also has a sense of education through it, as the audience are learning of the animals habitats and predators. The editing style through this documentary is quite slow paced and includes cuts through the majority of it such as at 13:50 we see a shot of the river flowing and then it switches to a shot of the trees at 13: 51, I think the reason why it's edited this way, is because to show the audience more in depth scenery of Madagascar and give the audience something to go " wow" at and become intrigued more with nature this way. Also the lighting through the show, is natural, as if the producers changed this about the show, it wouldn't be as realistic and appealing, as the audience wants to see the wildlife on how it really is and gives off the sense that their actually there witnessing the animals in their habitats.

Special interest documentary

Special interest documentary's are traditional and mostly appeal to a very niche audience and they usually use well known documentary conventions and focus on one story per episode.

.They mostly appeal to a very specific group of people,culture,age or interest group.

.They are rarely shown on mainstream television such as BBC1 or ITV1

Psychopath

             

This documentary goes into depth about the mind of a psychopath and this would appeal to people who are interested in the human mind and want to learn more about how they work and think. The video begins with a montage into cities and people, which then reflects what the voice over is saying and how psychopaths can be anywhere around us and we wouldn't know. Also the documentary has a side part and starts to discuss famous movie psychopaths such as at 006:48 and begin to rate them from 10-1, this is able to give the audience an insight into what some psychopaths are like.

Inside 9/11
                        

This documentary shows the audience what else took place on the day of the 9/11 attack and how people dealt with the disaster. Through this part of the documentary, they show archive footage at 22:15, which shows the building on fire, which to someone who is interested in the 9/11 attack would find more interesting as it might be footage that they have never seen before, which would educate them even more on the situation. Also the documentary provides interviews with people a part of the fire brigade such as at 22:2, which allows them to obtain for information on how the fire fighters were feelings towards the situation, as they can be classed a eye-witness, which makes the documentary come across more in depth of the matter and the audience are able to learn about the procedures that the fire fighters went through such as at 22:53. 

Cosplay

            

This documentary focuses on the upcoming art form cosplay, which is when people dress up in clothing and accessories to represent a certain character. This documentary is aimed towards a very niche audience, as cosplay is not well known to the vast majority of people and is only now becoming more well known. The documentary starts by showing different types of characters that people represent such as at 0:08, to be able to show the audience people at conventions and also could give them inspiration on their own costume ideas. It then goes into interview with professional cosplayers such as at 00:22, where the woman discusses what cosplay means to her and why she enjoys doing, which to the specific audience, would encourage them to create and explore their own costume ideas and also at the same time at 00:44 it is able to show the audience that as long as the individual is enjoying themselves, they shouldn't really care what others think, as quite a lot of people are similar when it comes to cosplay. Also through the documentary the majority of it is handheld, which allows the audience who are interested in cosplay make them feel that they are at the convention and enjoying the site of seeing other cosplayers. It also shows interviews of actual cosplayers such as at 3:07, which is where the audience is able to here their opinions on what they think about cosplay, which to quite a niche audience would me a lot too, as they want to be able to feel comfortable cosplaying and to be able to social with people who share the same interests with them. There is quite a few long shots used through the documentary such as at 3:17, which is able to show the audience how popular their interest really is and also gives them an insight to other conventions happening around them and how it is slowly growing within the community and also, this documentary might be able to get other people interested in the idea of cosplay, as they are being shown what conventions are like, the types of people you would meet their and also the amount of fun you could have with it. Also it is able to encourage the audience to go to more conventions such as at 03:53 and 03:59, it is able to show them other types of events that might occur at their own conventions and makes them feel more involved with their interest and community. Also the interviews such as at 05:21, shows that the the person they are interviewing isn't reading from a script and that they are actually at the convention, due to the background noise you can here people talking and you can just make out what the person is saying, which adds the realism to the audience and can make them want to go out and experience it for themselves and also through the noise, it shows the audience what sort of atmosphere there is.

Make over show

Make over shows is like reality TV, but in this case, they mainly focus on changing a persons lifestyle e.g decoration of their home or their eating lifestyle.

.Each episode mainly focuses on one individual and at the end of the episode, it reveals the change that they have gone through.

.Make over shows, take a very light hearted approach to their to the person their with and will be positive towards them, as the topic they at hand might be uncomfortable to talk about or quite serious.

Snog Marry Avoid?

Snog marry avoid, is a make over show that focuses on transforming the image of people who wear a lot of make up, into natural beauties. Through the show, the audience are introduced to a few people, that are going to go under this transformation, which is able to keep them watching the show to the very end. But, also the show is able to keep the audience entertained, by including interview with the public and their opinions on the person undergoing the transformation. This is also able to engage the audience more, as it can be seen as an interaction for them, as they are able to say their opinions if they would snog marry or avoid that person.

Super-size Vs. Super-skinny Kids  

             

This show is the child version of Supersize V.S Super skinny, where it looks at the lifestyles of children and the impact their health is having on them such as at 07:33, by having a close up of the amount of food the child eats, makes it uneasy for the audience, but at the same time makes them more eager to watch it, as they want to know the benefits of cutting down that amount of food will have on the child and what the outcome overall will be. By having a light hearted presenter on the show who is also an expert, he is able to tackle the problem a lot more, as he is gently saying to the young boy that the way he is eating is going to harm him in a number of ways such as at 07:53 he says " oh dear, now it all goes wrong", the presenter is addressing the issue in a soft toned voice, as the person he is talking about is just a child and they can be a little more sensitive than adults and through this he makes it clearer on what needs to change.

                                                         How Clean Is Your House

                           

How clean is your house, is a make over television show, which focuses on cleaning up an individuals household. Right at the beginning of the show at 0:01, they are able to draw the audience in by using dramatic music and matching it to the editing pace, to create a tragic feeling within the audience and to make them realise how bad this situation really is. Near the start of the clip, quite a variety of camera language is used, such as at 0:22 there is a close up of the floor and through this, it is able to make the audience realise how bad her house really is and can also make them feel a bit uncomfortable and question how someone can live like that. But, also by using close ups, it makes the audience want to continue watching the episode, as they want to see the outcome of her home, which is why they exaggerate some of their shots, to keep the audience watching. Also through the beginning of the clip, we are introduced to the house owner and what her opinion on her situation is and she describes it as a "bombs gone off" but due to her facial expression at 0:08, it seems that she doesn't seem that bothered on how her home is, but the music and shot types such as at 0:11 indicates that her home is literally like a bombs gone off and something needs to be done about it. The hosts for this show are two women and their personality's make this show more entertaining to watch as at 1:56 the are shown walking into the house, making comments about it straight away such as "erghhh horrible", which is amusing in general, as they are both professionals at what they do, so them making comments like that, just make it for funnier to watch, especially when they enter the house at 2:02. As they enter the house, we are able to see them rummage through the mess and we get to here their opinions of it all and them making squealing noises such as at 2:20. When they are examining the house themselves, at 2:25 close ups are used to emphasize to the audience, that even professionals are finding it disturbing, but they have no problem touching stains and mold. I think by having experts in to view the house for what it really is near the beginning of the show, allows the audience to see how realistic the situation is and by hearing the experts opinions on the mess, makes the audience even more intrigued on how they are going to change everything and make it a more appealing and tidy household. The tone of the two women at 2:50 shows that they are making light of the situation the best they can, as they do share some laughs between moving from room to room, but at 5:06 when they are introduced to the house owner, they do still keep that sympathetic tone, but there is something harshness that comes along with it as she says " I'm not being funny" which indicates that this woman, really needs to realise the harm she is doing to herself and her daughter before they become very ill. Even though the tone of the show is light hearted and amusing at some points, to make it more amusing to the audience at the same time, it is used to make the viewers watching this show, that this is not a normal way to be living and your health is at a high risk, if you are living like this. Also the main thing that the audience are most interested in when it comes to make over shows, is the final outcome of the individuals house, as in this episode at 6:42 the woman talks about wanting her daughter to have a better lifestyle and that when she comes back home, the house is in a better state and is a surprise for her, which makes the audience want to continue watching, one to see what the house is going to look like and the other being the reaction of her daughter.

Discussion 

Discussion shows is a studio panel show, in which experts will discuss their opinions/issues on a certain topic.

.The tone through out discussions, mostly depend on the topic at hand, e.g. if their is a discussion about politics the tone would be quite serious.

.The setting of the show, mainly stays within the studio setting.

Benefits Britain- Live Debate: http://www.channel4.com/programmes/benefits-britain-the-live-debate/4od

Benefit Britain- live debate, was created after the show benefits Britain was a channel 4 documentary featuring the lives of people who lived their lives on benefits and the outcomes that this is having on them, but also it revealed some criminal activity within the show, which has now reason to a debate on what should be done about benefits all together. Through the debate, the people who were mainly interviewed in the documentary were on the show along with a live studio audience and politicians. By having a studio audience, it allows the members of the public to ask their own questions about benefits and also be able to get their opinion heard by actual politician and here directly their thoughts on their question and the matter. By having the show live, also make it more realistic for the audience at home, which then makes them able to witness everything as it happens and also makes it more believable for them as well, due to the atmosphere being quite serious.

Good Morning America

Good morning America is television programme which features interviews,weather forecasts,special interest stories and other segments such as VT packages. The camera language throughout the show is quite slow paced and is able to show the flow of conversation through this, which is able to help the audience at home also follow it, as if it was fast paced, there would be too much going on and might become confusing for those who are watching.

Loose Women

               

Loose women is a discussion show, where all of the presenters are women and who discuss matters going on at the moment, but are able to put in some entertainment and laughs through their topics, but still covering the main issue in a serious manner. The show begins with one of the hosts introducing the theme of discussion which is the opening hours of school and childcare costs and then at 0:45, a open question is asked and then there is a long shot of all the other guests, which then one by one begin to discuss their own opinions on the matter. When one of them begins to talk, the camera is focused on them and once they have shared their opinion on the matter such as 0:56, the camera switches to the other presenters to see their reaction to what they just said and then moves on the to other presenters thoughts on the subject. The camera movement and language for this show,is quite slow paced and fast paced such as at 1:00 the camera mainly focuses on the woman talking, but then at 0:55 it quickly goes back to the other woman, too see if she agrees with what the other one is saying. This allows the audience to be able to see all of the women reactions to the situation and also flows with the conversation, as it's not jumping randomly to the women who are not in the conversation yet, but the focusing on the ones who are, which also allows the audience to feel that they are a part of the conversation at hand. Also by having multiple cameras for the show such as at 2:00, the production team is able to fit more than one person into a shot and allows the audience to see the other reactions of more than one presenter and see how they are agreeing or disagreeing to the conversation. Also seeming as this is aimed towards more female audience than male and the women on the show have their own independent personality's, it gives the audience at home to maybe be able to relate to one of the presenters, as they all have their own individual opinions and some people in the audience might agree with one woman than the other. The camera style through the show isn't handheld, but more too a professional standard, as if it was handheld it would be harder to film everything and it wouldn't be able to capture the shots of the presenters without looking rough and all about the place, while with multiple cameras, it is able to capture all the reactions of the presenters and also, as it's a discussion you want it to be presented as more formal and informal. Also at 3:47 the discussion comes to two of the women after different opinions on the matter, which is when the camera movement speeds up slightly, to represent the tension and small conflict on the matter and also by having a studio audience, it also makes the audience at home feel like their there and are contributing to the discussion.

Review show

Review shows sole purpose is to review products and give their opinion on it, being that if it is worth the buy.

. These shows often feature the presenter trying out the product and then giving their feedback to the audience on what they think of it and if it's worth it.

. The location for these shows are mainly studio based, but they can move out of the studio depending on the product that they are reviewing e.g if they are reviewing a new car, the location would be on a race track or so.

. Also to make it more believable for the audience, they might sometimes bring in an expert and ask for their opinion on the product.

Top Gear

Top gear is a review show, where one of the presenters usually tests out a new product, which is most of the time a new vehicle. On the show, they show the presenter testing out the car, by showing archive footage and also having voice over of the presenter while inside the car, so that the audience are able to hear his opinions about it while he drives. At the end of the test run, it usually goes back to the main studio, where the presenter gives his feedback on the product, which is useful to the audience as it allows them to get a professional; opinion on the product and makes it more reliable to purchase or so.

QVC 
                           
QVC is a television programme that mainly reviews household items and tests them out on the show. They being by talking about the product, while he graphics show the information on the cost and material of the item such as at 0:52. The camera language through the show is quite static and there is only a few movements as the product is tested out, this could could represent that this is show is aimed towards a more older audience, as they are just focused on the product does such as at 2:15, rather than a lot of movement, because all they want to see is the product.

The Gadget Show

                             

The gadget show focuses around the worlds new upcoming and current technology. During one part of the show, they decide to review certain types of gadgets or toys and in this episode, one of the main presenters is reviewing flying toys. At 0:03 it introduces to the audience, that if they stay tuned in with the show, they are able to see the new upcoming flying toys and seeming as the gadget show is aimed towards more of an male audience than a female, they would find it more interesting and they could use the information for their own benefit, if they have any children or so. This way review shows are able to help the audience make decisions on certain types of objects, so that it will make there life more beneficial and also by having an experts opinion on the product, it allows it to be more trustworthy and reliable. At 0:15 we are introduced to the presenter already flying one of the helicopters and with him saying " a subject close to my heart" it shows the presenter himself has an interest in what he is reviewing, which makes it even more trustworthy, because if he didn't care about the product, he might not give his full honest opinion. The filming style and lighting for this show, seems to be at a professional standard as at 0:30 we see it start with a close up, but then zoom out to show the area he is in, which for these types of shows makes it more believable, as if it was all handheld it wouldn't have the same effect that it does. From 0:37-0:48 there is a lot of different shots of the different types of air crafts, which is able to give the audience an insight to what models are out there and also the voice over gives information about the products as a whole, as he says how much they are " for less than fifty quid". The presenter goes through different tests at 1:05 to narrow it down to which toys are the best one on the market as at 1:08 to 1:27 we see clips of working models and ones that failed to lift the ground, by showing this to the audience, it makes them trust the presenter as they are being shown him testing them out in different circumstances, while if just focused on one type of test e.g how well they can fly, then it wouldn't be giving out the right information for the audience, as there are other factors that should be considered. Nearer to the end of the clip, after we have seen him test out other parts of the products such as flight,liability, he then presents his top 5 at 2:04, which is able to help the audience choose a model if they are looking for one to buy and also they get to see the top 5 products in action. Also has he is flying the models, the voice over talks about the pros and cons that go along with them, such as at 2:53 he talks about the size and also the type of area that it would be most suitable to fly it in.

Chat show

Chat shows are solely studio based in which people come on and discuss their personal and everyday issues.

. The presenter is usually quite loud and likes to make their own opinion heard towards the person, so that this way they might be able to resolve it better.

.These shows are often used to settle conflict and depending on the topic, lie detectors can be used.

Alan Carr- Chatty Man

Alan Carr is a chat show, which features mainly celebrities,interviews and usually a live musical performance at the end. Shows like Alan Carr, allows the audience to get more information about their favorite celebrities and then they can also learn about their upcoming projects etc. The main setting for this show is in a studio with a studio audience, which is able to engage the home audience more as the atmosphere for the show is quite energetic and calm, and doesn't really focus on serious topics, it's more of getting information out of the guest, so the audience learns more about them.

Maury 
                           
                            

Maury is a talk show in America which is quite similar to Jeremy Kyle, but seem to address a wider range of issues such as at 00:02 we are introduced to a child screaming at her mother, which suggests that this show goes a lot deeper in to current issues and will interview anyone and it doesn't matter on their age, which would make it more entertaining and interesting for the audience as they are able to get more information out of it and also by using archive footage of the children behaving bad, they are able to get a glimpse of how serious the situation is. Also the archive footage at 06:53 is able to show the audience with the child from the clip and what he is like now, to show that the situation is real and serious and too show the comparison between the child alone with his mother and around other people.

                           

Jeremy Kyle is a well known chat show, where he tries to resolve certain issues with his guests and these issues can be varied from relationship issues, to cheating and some ending up in DNA tests and lie detectors. Throughout the show, there is more than one camera working in the studio, so that they are able to capture the unexpected moments and also get glimpses of the audience such as at 1:52 as this way the audience at home are able to relate to them more, as they might have the same reaction to the situation as they do. But also, the camera movement is reasonably paced, such as at 1:39 we see the female panting and Jeremy talking to her, but due to the multiple cameras, we are able to see the other guests reactions such as at 1:45 and see the whole layout of the situation at 2:00. This allows the audience at home, to feel like there in the studio and are witnessing the situation themselves, which also at the same time makes it more reliable and that this isn't all scripted. But through the serious situations, this show is also used for entertainment for the audience, as it is something that is visually rarely seen such as at 5:59 the woman is being held back by two bodyguards and to some of the audience, this might come across as amusing in an ridiculous way, but  this show could lead onto creating stereotypes as they mainly interview the working class or lower class people, so we are able to get a glimpse of what they are like and then the audience might start to think that most working class people are like this, which would be quite wrong to think. Also with the use of multiple cameras, it allows the audience at home to see behind the scenes such as at 8:20, the audience is able to see the aftermath of one of the guests as she smashes a window, and to the audience, this would make them more intrigued with the show, as they would want to know how they are going to deal with this woman and how the situation is going to unravel. The aim for these shows is to resolve issues, and due to the camera language, the audience are also able to see how serious the guests are about their issue such as at 6:21, the male in the situation is acting the most mature out of him and his ex-partner and want to resolve the issue and show the studio audience and everyone else what she is really like as he repeats "there we go" a few times and mainly to show Jeremy, as he is the one that is trying to sort the situation out, so to do this he needs to see who really means what they are saying the most and who he should side with to solve the conflict. Also by having a larger than life host, the issues are most likely will be resolved more as at 7:34 Jeremy isn't scared to voice is factual opinion on the matter and shout at the woman, which then makes the audience applaud by agreeing with his statement, while if these types of shows didn't have a bold and strong host, the likely hood is that the show wouldn't be as entertaining and would be quite boring, as they would try to solve the situation by calmly talking to the guests hoping for a result, while Jeremy presents that being loud and bold can have an outcome and makes people realise what they are actually doing. The impact with having a strong host on the audience at home and in the studio, is that it allows them to express how they feel about the situation, as the studio audience applaud him, while at home it's most likely the same or even people yelling at the screen themselves. Chat shows like Jeremy Kyle, are able to build up an atmosphere within their show and audience and tackle real issues, which most of the audience finds entertaining.

Magazine show

Magazine shows bring a hole variety of different features such as studio settings, experts,demonstrations and VT packages and can also contain interviews and discussions.

. Magazine shows are shot frequently, so that they are able to keep up to date with known issues for that week, so that they are able to talk about it and the audience is able to here their opinion on a matter, otherwise they wouldn't come across as reliable and people wouldn't watch the show because the subject doesn't matter anymore.

. They also keep to the same presenter through the shows.

GMTV is a breakfast magazine programme that talks about up to date topics in a studio. The topics that they usually talk about are quite recent, which means for the audience, they are able to catch up on the latest news that they have missed out on. Also on the show, the sometimes interview celebrities and talk about how there life is going etc. Also it is able to provide the audience information about the morning and with the show being aired in the morning,it is able to provide them information on how the day is going to be, which could then benefit them.

The One Show

The one show is another magazine programme that mainly just focuses on topics and has interviews with guests, that are quite famous in the public at the moment. Also this show mainly keeps to two consistent presenters, so that the audience will be able to relate to them more and create a bond through the other episodes of the show. The camera movement for the show is quite slow paced, but this allows the audience to follow the conversation more smoothly.

Top Gear
                        

Throughout the show Top Gear there are a lot of different things going on such as reviewing cars, testing them out, interviews and audience interaction. During the show, it starts of with an interview at 0:16,but also through the interview, there is a variety of camera movement going on such as at 0:04, we are able to see the studio audience and the guest, which is able to relate to the audience as they can imagine themselves there, but also there is continuity throughout the different cameras, which makes the show flow well and also allows the audience at home to follow the conversation between guest and presenter such as at 0:44. The presenter focuses solely on his guest and asks him relevant questions to his lifestyle, which would be interesting for the audience, as some might want to know more about the guests life, but also the camera movement shows that there is a calm atmosphere and a good relationship between him and the guest such as at 1:16 as he is able to be quite forward and share a few laughs in their conversation. Also during these types of shows, they share some past videos such as at 2:46 of the guests car crashing, which is able to make the audience more engaged but also, it shows that the presenter doesn't move away from his guest and just focuses on him for some part of the show, as this is what the audience at home by of been looking forward to for some weeks, so Jeremy wants to make sure that he asks quite a lot of questions to the guest and get his answers for the audience. Also by using VT packages and archive footage, it is able to make the show more enjoyable for the audience and could also be seen as something the audience hasn't seen before, so by this they are able to keep them engaged. The majority of the show takes place inside the studio, where we see the audience,presenters and guest but at 6:58 we a VT package of the guest test driving a car, with the presenter commentating his actions. The camera movement through the VT package section, contains quite a bit of long shots such as at 08:00 and inside the car shots at 7:53, which is able to give the audience more to watch and take in and also the sound during the driving session was real, so it makes it even more entertaining and exciting to watch because you can hear the skidding sounds of the car.